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Big Carpetgrass,
Axonopus furcatus
Spikelets with lower lemmas adjacent to the branch axes (lower glumes absent), per Weakley's Flora.
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Beaked Panicum,
Coleataenia anceps ssp. anceps
Split from Panicum because of its subsessile spikelets, among other things, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Beaked Panicum,
Coleataenia anceps ssp. anceps
Rather crowded somewhat curved subsecund spikelets, set obliquely, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Redtop Panicgrass,
Coleataenia rigidula ssp. rigidula
Spikelets greeinish-purple, attached on 1 side of the panicle branches, per Wildflowers of Tennessee, the Ohio Valley, and the Southern Appalachians (Horn, Cathcart, Hemmerly, & Duhl, 2005).
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Seaside Panicum,
Panicum amarum
Spikelets of inflorescence dense, forming a narrow panicle to 14" long and 2" wide, per Guide to the Wildflowers of SC, 2nd ed. (McMillan, Porcher, Rayner, & White; 2022).
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Switchgrass,
Panicum virgatum var. virgatum
Spikelets 3.5-6mm long with the tip acuminate, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Blunt Switchgrass,
Panicum virgatum var. cubense
Spikelets are purplish, becoming tan-colored, 2.8-3.2mm long with acute tip, per Wildflowers of the Sandhills Region (Sorrie, 2011).
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Fall Panicum,
Panicum dichotomiflorum var. dichotomiflorum
Spikelets narrowly oblong-ovate, usually about 2.5mm long, acute, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Wiry Panicgrass,
Panicum flexile
Mature panicle slender, branches ascending-spreading; spikelets long-acuminate, per Weakley's Flora.
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Nerved Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium neuranthum
Vernal panicle branches strongly ascending to erect; spikelets 1.8-2.2mm long, per Weakley's Flora.
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Sandy Woods Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium arenicoloides
In general it resembles D. aciculare, but its spikelets are more elongate, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Ravenel's Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium ravenelii
Panicle 7-12cm long. Spikelets 4-4.3mm, sparsely papillose-pubescent, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Woolly Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium acuminatum var. acuminatum
Panicle 2-10cm long, branches scaberulous. Spikelets 1.4-2.2mm long, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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White-haired Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium villosissimum var. villosissimum
Generally distinguished by hairy foliage & spikelets, spikelet size (2-2.5mm), &
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Forked Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium dichotomum var. dichotomum
Spikelets glabrous, 1.8-2.3mm long; widest vernal blades 3-8(10)mm wide, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Blue Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium caerulescens
Vernal panicle 3-7cm long; spikelets obovoid, turgid, glabrous, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Small-fruited Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium microcarpon
Differs from D. dichotomum var. dichotomum in having smaller spikelets and ...
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Small-fruited Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium microcarpon
Spikelets small: 1.4-1.9 mm long, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Long-ligule Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium longiligulatum
Panicle 3-8cm long, branches spreading to ascending. Spikelets 1.2-1.5mm, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Erectleaf Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium erectifolium
Panicle rather narrow, densely flowered; spikelets nearly spherical, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Round-fruited Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon
Panicle 4-13cm long, branches spreading-ascending. Spikelets 1.4-1.6mm, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Many-flowered Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium polyanthes
Panicle 5-20cm long. Spikelets 1.2-1.6mm, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Many-flowered Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium polyanthes
long-elliptical (or cylindrical) inflorescence of numerous small spikelets, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Velvet Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium scoparium
Spikelets 2.4-2.6mm long, obovate, turgid, papillose-pubescent, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Bosc's Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium boscii
Spikelets 3.7-4.2mm long; rachis and spreading-ascending branches villous, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Bosc's Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium boscii
Spikelets relatively large.
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Bosc's Witchgrass,
Dichanthelium boscii
Panicle 6-12cm long, spikelets 4-4.5mm long, about half as wide, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Longleaf Cupgrass,
Eriochloa michauxii var. michauxii
Axis & raceme rachises densely velvety-pubescent; spikelets appressed-villous, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Wrinkled Jointgrass,
Mnesithea rugosa
Inflorescence section, with ridged spikelets.
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Carolina Jointgrass,
Mnesithea cylindrica
Spikelets tightly crowded one atop another, with the male section above the female section, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Carolina Jointgrass,
Mnesithea cylindrica
Each spikelet has a number of little pits (in vertical rows) on the glumes, per Vascular Plants of North Carolina.
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Carolina Jointgrass,
Mnesithea cylindrica
Sessile spikelets 4-5mm, the first glume pitted along the nerves, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Itch-grass,
Rottboellia cochinchinensis
Spikelets awnless, in pairs at the nodes of a thickened articulate rachis, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Chinese Silvergrass,
Miscanthus sinensis
Spikelets with a tuft of silky hairs about as long as glumes, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Japanese Stiltgrass,
Microstegium vimineum
Spikelets in one to three terminal upright fingers, per Weeds of Southern Turfgrasses (Murphy et al., 1992).
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Silver Plumegrass,
Erianthus alopecuroides
Awn twisted, bristle hairs from spikelet base longer than spikelet, per Forest Plants of the Southeast and Their Wildlife Uses (Miller & Miller, 2005).
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Silver Plumegrass,
Erianthus alopecuroides
Callus beard exceeds spikelet. Awn spirally twisted, flattened basally, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Bent-awn Plumegrass,
Erianthus contortus
Callus hairs dense, from about half to nearly as long as the spikelet, per Weakley's Flora.
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Sugarcane Plumegrass,
Erianthus giganteus
Spikelets well separated at flowering, then expanding into a plumelike mass, per Atlantic Coastal Plain Wildflowers (Nelson, 2006).
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Sugarcane Plumegrass,
Erianthus giganteus
Callus beard exceeds spikelet. Awn nearly straight, terete, scaberulous, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Hairy Jointgrass,
Arthraxon hispidus var. hispidus
Spikelets not paired, unaccompanied by a vestige, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Johnsongrass,
Sorghum halepense
Spikelets paired: one silky and sessile, one stalked and smooth, both w awns, per Wildflowers of Tennessee (Carman, 2005).
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Yellow Indiangrass,
Sorghastrum nutans
Spikelets 6-8 mm long, lanceolate, hirsute, the awns 10-15 mm long, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Lopsided Indiangrass,
Sorghastrum secundum
Spikelets yellowish-brown, ~ 7mm long, pilose, with densely bearded callus, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Elliot's Indiangrass,
Sorghastrum elliottii
Spikelets 6-7mm long, the awns 25-35mm long, per Manual of the Grasses of the United States (Hitchcock & Chase, 1950).
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Corn,
Zea mays ssp. mays
Staminate spikelets in a terminal, paniculate inflorescence, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Centipede Grass,
Eremochloa ophiuroides
Fertile spikelets embedded in a fleshy rachis (resembling a rattail) or a cob, per Weakley's Flora.
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Centipede Grass,
Eremochloa ophiuroides
A solitary, terminal, 1-sided raceme of closely overlapping spikelets, per Flora of China.
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Whitehead Sedge,
Cyperus sesquiflorus
A mat-forming, aromatic perennial with conspicuously white spikelets, per Manual of Vascular Plants of NE US & Adjacent Canada (Gleason & Cronquist, 1991).
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Granite Flatsedge,
Cyperus granitophilus
Spikelets quadrangular in cross-section, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Poorland Flatsedge,
Cyperus compressus
Spikelets digitate or subdigitate, broadly linear to slightly tetragonal, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Green Flatsedge,
Cyperus virens
Spikes numerous in congested umbellate clusters. Spikelets digitate, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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False Nutsedge,
Cyperus strigosus var. strigosus
Spikelets pinnate, linear, usually many-flowered, 5-25mm long, 1.5mm broad, per Vascular Flora of the Carolinas (Radford, Ahles, & Bell, 1968).
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Many-flowered Flatsedge,
Cyperus lancastriensis
Leaves and inf. bracts mostly >10mm wide. Spikes dense; spikelets subterete, per Weakley's Flora (2020).
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Rough Flatsedge,
Cyperus retrofractus
Spikes strongly narrowed to the base; all but the uppermost spikelets strongly reflexed, per Weakley's Flora (2023).
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Threeway Sedge,
Dulichium arundinaceum var. arundinaceum
Short axillary clusters of spikelets (vs. Cyperus with terminal spikelets), per Wildflowers of the Eastern United States (Duncan & Duncan, 1999).
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Canada spikesedge,
Eleocharis geniculata
Culms producing at least some fertile spikelets, per Weakley's Flora (2015).
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Densetuft Hairsedge,
Bulbostylis capillaris ssp. capillaris
Spikelets red-brown, ovoid to lanceoloid, 3-5mm, per Flora of North America.
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Savannah Hairsedge,
Bulbostylis ciliatifolia
inflorescence a simple (rarely compound) umbel of few (3-9) lance-ovoid spikelets, per Weakley's Flora (2023).